Efectos del Programa "Ejercicio Dirigido-Paseos Saludables en Entornos Curativos Exteriores" en ancianos hospitalizados por trastornos depresivos / Effects of the Program Directed Exercise-Healthy Walks in Healing Outdoor Environments in elderly hospitalized for depressive disorders

Objetivo: Analizar los efectos de un programa integrado de "Ejercicio Dirigido-Paseos Saludables en Entornos Curativos Exteriores" (ED + PSECE) en el bienestar físico y psicosocial de pacientes con trastorno depresivo, mayores de 65 años, ingresados en la Unidad de Agudos de Hospitalización Psiquiátrica. Método: Estudio piloto experimental con un grupo intervención (GI, n = 32 sujetos) y un grupo control (GC, n = 32 sujetos). Las mediciones pre y postintervención se realizan con el índice de Barthel, el test de Guralnik Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), la escala de Hamilton, el Get Up and Go Test y la taxonomía NOC. Sesultados: Se encuentran mejoras significativas del GI en funcionalidad según Barthel (0,036) y en posición corporal según NOC (0,025), así como disminución de síntomas depresivos según Hamilton (0,001). Conclusión: La actividad física contribuye a la reducción de síntomas negativos de los trastornos depresivos y a la mejora de la funcionalidad para el desempeño de actividades básicas de una vida autónoma, siendo fundamental el rol desempeñado por el profesional de enfermería para la adherencia al programa de los pacientes ancianos hospitalizados en una unidad de salud mental (AU)

Objective: To analyze the effects of an integrated "Healthy ExerciseWalks in Outdoor Healing Environments" on the physical and psychosocial well-being of patients with depressive disorders over 65 years of age admitted to acute unit of Psychiatric hospitalization. Method: Experimental pilot study with an intervention group (N IG=32 subjects) and a control group (N CG=32 subjects). Preand post-intervention measurements were made with the Barthel index test, Guralnik Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), Hamilton scale, a Get Up and Go Test and the Taxonomy NOC. Results: Significant progress of the IG is in functionality as Barthel test (0.036) and in corporal position as NOC (0.025), as well as decrease of depressive symptoms according to Hamilton (0.001). Conclusion: Physical activity contributes to the reduction of negative symptoms of depressive disorders and to the improvement of functionality for the performance of basic activities of an autonomous life, the role played by the professional nurse for adherence to the program of elderly patients hospitalized in a mental health unit (AU)

Claves infantiles para prevenir la siniestralidad en el contexto escolar / Keys to preventing accidents in children in the school context

Objetivo: Conocer la percepción infantil sobre las causas y las estrategias de prevención de los accidentes escolares. Método: Muestra de 584 escolares de 8 y 9 años de edad, de Navarra. Se elige un diseño mixto mediante cuestionario con tres ítems de respuesta abierta y uno de valoración sugerida y respuesta múltiple. El análisis se realiza en dos fases: 1) cualitativa de elaboración de categorías y dimensiones de las respuestas de contenido narrativo, y 2) cuantitativa de recodificación de variables para análisis correlacional. Resultados: Emergen 22 categorías que conforman tres dimensiones perceptivas: 1) atribución de causalidad (5), 2) identificación de mecanismos de evitación (11) y 3) elaboración de estrategias de afrontamiento (6). La correlación intravariables evidencia diversos grados: por un lado, cifras positivas moderadas (r >0,5) en atribución de causalidad y en identificación de mecanismos de evitación, y por otro, valores de correlación positiva elevados (r >0,7) referidos a elaboración de estrategias de afrontamiento. Discusión: La población infantil sabe identificar los accidentes como problema de salud, se cuestiona la multiplicidad de elementos implicados y relaciona el origen y el tipo de los accidentes con mecanismos de prevención y de ayuda

Objective: To learn about children's perception of the causes and prevention strategies involved in school accidents. Method: The sample included 584 school children aged 8-9 years from Navarra. A mixed design was chosen by questionnaire with three open-response questions and one multiple-choice assessment. Analysis was performed in two phases: 1) qualitative development of categories and dimensions of the responses of narrative content, and 2) quantitative variables for recoding correlational analysis. Results: 22 categories emerged, which make up three perceptual dimensions: 1) attribution of causality (5), 2) identification of mechanisms of avoidance (11), and 3) development of coping strategies (6). The correlation intra-variables portray varying degrees: on the one hand, moderate positive numbers (r>0.5) in allocating and identifying causality avoidance mechanisms and, on the other hand, high positive correlation values (r>0.7) referred to developing coping strategies. Discussion: Children are able to identify accidents as a health problem. They question the multiplicity of elements involved and relate the origin and kind of accident to prevention and support mechanisms

[Keys to preventing accidents in children in the school context]. / Claves infantiles para prevenir la siniestralidad en el contexto escolar.

OBJECTIVE: To learn about children's perception of the causes and prevention strategies involved in school accidents. METHOD: The sample included 584 school children aged 8-9 years from Navarra. A mixed design was chosen by questionnaire with three open-response questions and one multiple-choice assessment. Analysis was performed in two phases: 1) qualitative development of categories and dimensions of the responses of narrative content, and 2) quantitative variables for recoding correlational analysis. RESULTS: 22 categories emerged, which make up three perceptual dimensions: 1) attribution of causality (5), 2) identification of mechanisms of avoidance (11), and 3) development of coping strategies (6). The correlation intra-variables portray varying degrees: on the one hand, moderate positive numbers (r>0.5) in allocating and identifying causality avoidance mechanisms and, on the other hand, high positive correlation values (r>0.7) referred to developing coping strategies. DISCUSSION: Children are able to identify accidents as a health problem. They question the multiplicity of elements involved and relate the origin and kind of accident to prevention and support mechanisms.

Recursos de salud positiva: estudio exploratorio con grupos del ámbito escolar de Pamplona / Positive health resources: exploratory study with groups from the Pamplona school area

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[Hypothermia]. / La hipotermia.

A deep understanding about the causes and situations which predispose a patient to hypothermia can prevent its progression and the emergence of complications which present life-threatening risks and can lead to irreversible organ deterioration. The distinct degrees of hypothermia require a diagnosis and a distinct therapeutic treatment which share common pillars based on: the need to employ general measures which counterarrest the deterioration of those organs caused by heat loss; and the use of internal or external reheating methods which vary due to the degree of hypothermia and the hemodynamic stability of the patient. In moderate or severe cases, a nurse's role, as one who collaborates in patient treatment, requires paying special attention to strict monitoring of vital constants, neurological, metabolic and cardio-respiratory signs, as well as collaborating in various therapeutic procedures. As a nursing diagnosis, hypothermia refers to those situations in which a nurse's professional competence capacitates he/she to carry out actions which resolve that prejudicial situation a patient faces.

La hipotermia / Hypothermia

Un profundo conocimiento sobre las causas y situaciones que predisponen a la hipotermia puede evitar su progresión y la aparición de complicaciones que comportan riesgo vital y deterioro orgánico irreversible. Los distintos niveles de la misma precisan un diagnóstico y abordaje terapéutico distinto compartiendo pilares comunes basados en: la instauración de medidas generales, que contrarresten el deterioro de los distintos órganos producidos por la pérdida de calor; y en medidas de recalentamiento interno o externo que variarán en función del grado de hipotermia y la estabilidad hemodinámica del paciente. El rol de enfermería en los casos de moderada y severa, como actividad de colaboración, presta especial atención a una estrecha monitorización de las constantes vitales, signos neurológicos, metabólicos y cardiorrespiratorios así como la colaboración en distintos procedimientos terapéuticos. La hipotermia como diagnóstico de enfermería se refiere a aquellas situaciones en las que la competencia profesional capacita para llevar a cabo actuaciones que resuelvan esta situación perjudicial para el individuo(AU)

A deep understanding about the causes and situations which predispose a patient to hypothermia can prevent its progression and the emergence of complications which present life-threatening risks and can lead to irreversible organ deterioration. The distinct degrees of hypothermia require a diagnosis and a distinct therapeutic treatment which share common pillars based on: the need to employ general measures which counterarrest the deterioration of those organs caused by heat loss; and the use of internal or external reheating methods which vary due to the degree of hypothermia and the hemodynamic stability of the patient. In moderate or severe cases, a nurse’s role, as one who collaborates in patient treatment, requires paying special attention to strict monitoring of vital constants, neurological, metabolic and cardio-respiratory signs, as well as collaborating in various therapeutic procedures. As a nursing diagnosis, hypothermia refers to those situations in which a nurse’s professional competence capacitates he/she to carry out actions which resolve that prejudicial situation a patient faces(AU)